As the pool industry continues to evolve, emerging trends in design and technology are reshaping how homeowners and professionals approach pool additions and upgrades. From the high-performance, low-maintenance advantages of fiberglass to the growing demand for space-efficient pool designs and luxurious spa-like features, innovation and automation are bringing the pool industry into a new era of comfort and convenience.   “It’s an incredibly exciting time to be part of the pool industry,” says Scott Rajeski, president and CEO of Latham, The Pool Company, designer and manufacturer of in-ground residential swimming pools. “With homeowners prioritizing efficiency, convenience and design, fiberglass pools, automation, and compact options like plunge pools are redefining what’s possible in modern backyard spaces, offering unparalleled durability and ease of maintenance.”   According to the experts at Latham, following are five pool trends expected to define outdoor spaces in 2025 and beyond:   Colors and Patterns Aesthetically, pool shapes and styles continue to evolve with modern design tastes. Sleek, streamlined profiles are emerging in a mix of rectangle and abstract freeform configurations. Dark blues are replacing softer neutral colors and homeowners are migrating away from tile borders in favor of a continuous pattern across the pool floor and walls all the way up to the coping with contrasting patterns  on steps, ledges and other special features to create a customized, contemporary look.   Formidable Fiberglass Look for fiberglass to continue gaining traction with modern homeowners seeking durability, aesthetics and low-maintenance convenience. Engineered from interwoven glass threads coated in polyester resin, these pools combine exceptional strength with effortless beauty, making them ideal for in-ground installations. Their prefabricated designs also allow for rapid installation—often within just 2-3 days of delivery—so you can dive into relaxation without delay. What truly sets fiberglass pools apart is their unparalleled ease. Unlike concrete or gunite pools, which are porous and require regular brushing, chemical balancing and even resurfacing over time, a fiberglass pool has a smooth, non-porous surface that resists algae growth and requires fewer chemicals and less frequent cleaning. This means less time and money spent on upkeep and a generally healthier swimming environment.   Plunge Pools Plunge pools are making waves across the pool industry, offering versatile solutions compact enough for any outdoor space without compromising on functionality. Small in size but big on experience, Latham’s new collection of plunge pools  includes both fiberglass and vinyl liner designs with features including swim-up seating and slip-resistant steps, offering the perfect escape to dip, sip and let loose. Their smaller size also means lower water usage, reduced heating costs and easier maintenance, making them an eco-friendly and budget-conscious choice.   “Smaller than a full-size pool, these models are just the right size for lounging, relaxing, intimate entertaining, or quick relief from the heat,” explains Rajeski. Pool/Spa Combos Offering a blend of recreation and relaxation, pools with built-in spas  are growing in demand. These integrated designs elevate the look and luxury of any outdoor space with dual functionality in a single installation. With features like soothing jets, tanning ledges and graduated levels for seating and standing, a pool-spa combo is ideal for a relaxing soak after swimming laps or to aid muscle recovery after a tough workout. Homeowners are also increasingly choosing to add what is known as a spillover spa  as a complement to a traditional in-ground pool. These separate but integrated spas deliver the beauty and soothing sound of cascading water allowing you to escape the hustle and bustle of daily life, whether you’re swimming, soaking or simply lounging poolside. Automation Pool automation is revolutionizing the way homeowners manage and enjoy their swimming pools by offering convenience, efficiency and control. For instance, Latham offers The Attendant , a cloud-based smart pool monitor that allows homeowners to manage pool chemistry and temperature from the convenience of their smartphone. With options to automate seasonal settings, create custom programs and even activate an “Away” mode, The Attendant makes pool ownership simpler and more enjoyable.   Also gaining popularity are automatic safety covers. These discreet, customizable designs create an essential safety barrier, offering peace of mind for pool owners. They also can deliver considerable cost savings by reducing water evaporation, conserving chemicals and maintaining heat—all with the press of a button.   “These types of innovations bring modern technology to the backyard, making pools smarter, safer and easier to maintain than ever before,” notes Rajeski.   --   For more information: Headquartered in Latham, NY, Latham Group, Inc., is the largest designer, manufacturer, and marketer of in-ground residential swimming pools and pool accessories in North America, Australia, and New Zealand. To learn more about the latest residential pool trends and innovations, visit LathamPool.com .

by Russell Taylor The destruction of soil organic matter (SOM) during large-scale wildfires, such as those in California's Palisades area, creates significant challenges for soil health and ecosystem recovery. Environmental health experts warn Angelenos as they return to what is left of their homes and businesses to protect themselves from harmful toxins not only in the air but also in the soil. Here’s a breakdown of the fire-related impacts and the potential solutions for healing the soil and restoring SOM in these areas:   Destruction of Soil Organic Matter in Wildfires Heat Impact— Wildfires burn off surface organic matter, including plant debris, roots, and decomposing materials. Extreme temperatures destroy critical carbon, nitrogen, and other nutrients essential for soil fertility. Even slow organic matter (stable humic substances), which resists microbial decomposition, can be damaged or volatilized under prolonged or intense heat. Loss of Soil Structure— SOM plays a critical role in binding soil particles together, improving structure and porosity. Its destruction results in compacted, poorly aerated soils that are less conducive to plant and microbial life. Ecosystem Impacts— Reduced SOM decreases the soil's water retention capacity, limiting its ability to support vegetation regrowth. Soil microbial populations, essential for nutrient cycling, are often severely diminished, disrupting ecosystem functions. Erosion and Runoff— Without SOM and vegetation cover, soils are vulnerable to erosion. Wind and water can strip away nutrient-rich topsoil, exacerbating degradation.   Need for Additional Soil Organic Matter The steep terrain of the Palisades is particularly prone to erosion and water repellency post-fire. Restoring SOM is essential for soil stabilization and ecological recovery. Here’s how and why it should be prioritized: Adding organic matter such as compost, humates, or well-decomposed manure can restore SOM, improving structure, aeration and microbial activity. The addition of humic substances can boost nutrient availability and enhance plant establishment. Erosion Control— Organic mulches or erosion-control blankets can protect the soil surface from rainfall impact and reduce sediment loss. These materials also help establish cover crops or native plants, stabilizing soil over time. Improving Water Retention— SOM increases the soil’s capacity to retain water, a critical factor in the drought-prone conditions often seen after fires in California. Mitigating Hydrophobicity— Fire-induced water repellency can be reduced by applying organic matter, which helps break down hydrophobic compounds and improves water infiltration.   Practical Recommendations Immediate Actions— Apply mulches or compost to protect exposed soils and prevent further erosion. Use liquid humates or other highly soluble organic amendments to encourage microbial activity and nutrient cycling. Long-Term Strategies— Reintroduce SOM by spreading compost, manures, or humic-rich materials to rebuild soil organic carbon pools. Plant cover crops, such as native grasses or legumes, to stabilize soils and provide organic inputs over time. Monitoring and Assessment— Conduct soil tests to evaluate the extent of SOM loss, nutrient imbalances, and structural damage. Adjust restoration efforts based on soil type, erosion risk, and vegetation recovery progress. The Role of Humates— Humates, composed of humic and fulvic acids, are especially effective in restoring fire-damaged soils, and support “nutrient cycling.” They chelate nutrients, improving their availability for plant uptake. They also improve water-holding capacity: Humates improve soil porosity and enhance moisture retention. Additionally, humates provide microbial support. They provide a food source for beneficial soil microbes, jumpstarting the recovery of soil ecosystems. Restoring soil organic matter post-fire in the Palisades and elsewhere is vital for long-term ecological resilience. The targeted application of humates, compost, and other organic amendments can help rebuild SOM, stabilize soils, and promote vegetation regrowth, ensuring sustainable recovery for these fire-impacted landscapes.     About the author:  Russell Taylor is VP of Live Earth Products and “Conservationist of the Year.”  To learn more, visit Live Earth online   or contact Live Earth at (435) 286-2222.

by Andrew W. Legge The use of wool for insulation has an ancient and storied history. The earliest known use of wool in construction likely occurred in regions where sheep were domesticated, thousands of years ago in the bronze age. Wool has always been valued for its natural characteristics: its ability to trap heat, manage moisture, dampen sound, and provide comfort in varying climates. Trapping Heat Wool insulation possesses remarkable thermal properties. The natural fibers in wool create tiny air pockets that effectively trap heat, providing excellent thermal performance. This capability helps maintain a stable indoor temperature, reducing the energy needed for heating in winter and cooling in summer.   The R-value, which measures thermal resistance, of wool insulation is competitive with synthetic materials. Wool can achieve R-values ranging from 3.5 to 4.3 per inch, making it an outperformer and suitable for a variety of building applications. Moreover, wool has the unique ability to regulate moisture levels in the air, contributing to a comfortable indoor environment. Fire Resistance When it comes to fire safety, wool insulation offers significant advantages. Wool is inherently fire-resistant and has a high ignition point compared to many other materials. This means that in the event of a fire, wool does not ignite easily and can slow the spread of flames, providing vital extra time for evacuation and fire response. Acoustic Properties Wool insulation excels not only in thermal performance but also in sound absorption. The dense, fibrous structure of wool helps to dampen sound waves, making it an effective barrier to noise. This benefit is particularly advantageous in modern urban living, multi-family dwellings, or commercial spaces where noise reduction is a priority. By incorporating wool insulation into walls, roofs, floors and aesthetic sound panels builders can create quieter spaces that enhance comfort and productivity. Moreover, the sound-dampening properties do not diminish over time, ensuring long-term acoustic performance. Moisture Management Wool insulation has a unique property known as "breathability." This means that it can effectively manage moisture, allowing water vapor to pass through while preventing substantial moisture accumulation. This characteristic helps mitigate the risk of condensation, mold, and decay that can occur in more moisture-retentive materials. In fact, wool can absorb significant amounts of moisture—up to 30% of its weight—while still remaining dry to the touch. This remarkable absorption capacity plays a crucial role in temperature regulation. When humidity levels are high, wool insulation traps moisture from the air, mitigating excessive dampness. Conversely, when the air is drier, wool releases the stored moisture back into the environment. This absorption and release cycle helps to stabilize indoor humidity levels, a feature that is beneficial in both modern residential and commercial applications. Overall, combining traditional practices with modern advancements in sustainable building has made this classic material resurge, although looking at its history, it never should have gone away. Textiles Rise With the rise of textile manufacturing in the 18th and 19th centuries, wool became more widely available and affordable. During this period, wool insulation was utilized in various building projects but was not yet standardized. Craftsmen and builders often improvised materials, using waste wool from textiles to create draft-proofing materials for homes and commercial buildings. This period also saw the first small-scale experimentation with wool insulation in the building trade, as artisans understood its potential to improve indoor climates. British Parliament and Edinburgh Castle are both known to be insulated with wool. The true leap in wool insulation technology occurred in the 20th century. It began with increased awareness of energy efficiency and sustainable building practices leading to a renewed interest in natural materials like wool. The process continued in the post-World War II era, with a push for better housing quality, which included a focus on insulation. Alternative materials such as fiberglass and foam began to dominate the market, their manufactured convenience often overshadowing traditional insulation materials like wool. However, these synthetic alternatives often present challenges such as health risks, environmental concerns, and inefficiencies in energy use. As a result, researchers and builders began to rediscover wool's unique insulating properties, particularly with increasing environmental awareness during the 1970s energy crisis. The wool industry responded by promoting wool insulation as a natural, sustainable alternative to synthetic insulation materials. Advances in wool processing technology enabled wool insulation products to be created in batts, rolls, and loose-fill forms, enhancing ease of application.   Sustainability and the 21st Century As sustainability has gained prominence in the 21st century, wool insulation has experienced a meaningful resurgence. Modern consumers are increasingly seeking eco-friendly building materials, and wool fits these criteria exceptionally well. Moreover, the sustainable farming practices associated with wool production, as well as its biodegradability, make it a desirable choice for eco-conscious builders and homeowners. It does require cleaning, which goes better in volume. That’s one reason we procure our wool in New Zealand. NZ is responsible for some 11% of the global clip, making the cleaning process more efficient and reliable. Also naturally occurring is an increased global awareness of climate change and energy conservation. This has driven interest in wool insulation, prompting ongoing research into its performance and efficiency in contemporary building practices. As a result, wool is very much in the conversation pertaining to sustainable architecture and renewable materials. What are the modern advantages of wool that will drive the growth in the market? The list is extensive yet the myriad of modernly discovered benefits might be best headlined as follows: environmental impact, health benefits, durability,  and ease of installation. Environmental Impact One of the most significant advantages of wool insulation is its sustainability. Wool is a natural product, primarily sourced from sheep, and its production has an exceptionally low carbon footprint compared to synthetic alternatives. The wool industry promotes sustainable farming practices, which ensure that sheep are raised without harmful chemicals or harmful environmental impacts. Furthermore, wool is biodegradable, meaning that at the end of its life cycle, it can break down naturally without contributing to landfill. In contrast, synthetic insulation materials often take centuries to decompose and can release harmful chemicals into the environment during this process. Also relevant is the ability to use less material and achieve the same or better performance when using wool insulation. For example, wool will exceed the R-value of cellulose in a 2x4 or 2x6 with <1 lb. per cubic feet of material whereas cellulose would require a density of ~3.5lbs per cubic foot. By choosing wool insulation, builders and homeowners support a more sustainable approach to construction and renovations Health Benefits Wool insulation also offers significant health and comfort benefits. Conventional insulation materials, particularly those made from fiberglass or synthetic fibers, can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other irritants into the indoor air, negatively impacting air quality. In contrast, wool does not contain harmful synthetic chemicals and has been shown to contribute to improved indoor air quality by bonding with harmful chemicals such as formaldehyde, NOx and SO2. Additionally, wool is naturally hypoallergenic, making it an excellent choice for individuals with respiratory issues or allergies. It does not promote the growth of mold or mildew, which are often exacerbated by moisture retention in other insulation types. By using wool insulation, homeowners can create a healthier living space for themselves and their families. Durability and Longevity Another benefit of wool insulation is its long-lasting nature. Wool fibers are resilient and can withstand wear and tear better than synthetic materials, particularly in the face of moisture. Unlike fiberglass, which can degrade over time, wool maintains its insulating properties and structural integrity. With proper installation, wool insulation can last for decades, providing ongoing thermal performance and energy savings without the need for replacement. This longevity translates to cost savings over time, as homeowners won't need to invest in regular upgrades or replacements. Admittedly, wool is pricier than the cheapest insulation materials but it's quite competitive with higher-end materials. In general fiberglass and cellulose are the cheapest while mineral wool, foam, and havelock wool tend to be together at the upper end of the cost spectrum.  Wool tends to be cheaper than mineral wool, but the durability of wool makes it worth a higher initial investment. Easy Installation Wool insulation is also easier to handle and install than some synthetic alternatives. It is available in loose-fill or batts that can be cut to size, making it suitable for various applications, including walls, ceilings, and floors. The flexibility of wool allows it to easily fit into odd spaces or around plumbing and electrical fixtures, minimizing the need for additional materials or labor. Wool for the Win In sum, wool insulation has a rich and varied history that spans across cultures and centuries. It is arguably the most dynamic fiber on the planet. From its early use in ancient dwellings to its modern resurgence as a sustainable building material, wool insulation is valued for its exceptional thermal and acoustic properties, health benefits, and eco-friendliness. As the construction and insulation industries continue to evolve, wool remains a vital choice for those committed to sustainability, comfort, and indoor air quality in both residential and commercial applications. About the author Andrew is founder and managing partner of Havelock Wool . He has a passion for all things New Zealand, where the company procures its wool, mirrored by a desire to affect positive change in the built environment. He has lived and traveled around the world and seeks to leverage those experiences in bringing a biophilic, best practice to an industry known to contribute excessive waste to our world.

Patio construction requires a plan, and the winter months are the best time to plan spring hardscape projects, such as a clay paver patio. “Thinking about it now gives you some options,” says JB Brown, owner of Burlington, NC-based Quality Landscapes. Brown points out that homeowners need to book contractors for clay paver patio installations by late winter in order to have the patios done in the April to June timeframe. According to recent research findings by the National Association of Realtors (NAR) and the National Association of Landscape Professionals (NALP) in the 2023  Remodeling Impact Report: Outdoor Features ,  the reasons for building an outdoor room are numerous. New hardscape projects provide an increased level of happiness as long as homeowners stay in their homes, as well as providing a good return on investment when they do decide to sell. “The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way Americans use their homes for daily living,” says Dr. Jessica Lautz, NAR deputy chief economist and vice president of research. “Homeowners have embraced their outdoor spaces—transforming them into oases with pools, patios, plants and greenery. These outdoor features are embraced by the homeowner and can also attract buyers if the owner wants to sell.” The research covered the typical cost of 11 outdoor residential projects and showed that patios were among those that were most in demand, especially following the pandemic. Landscape professionals saw the most increased demand for a new patio (55 percent) an overall landscape upgrade (61 percent) and landscape maintenance (58 percent). In terms of enjoyment, rated on a scale from one to 10, patios ranked high, at 9.9, alongside in-ground pools and outdoor lighting, which were scored at 10 out of 10. Start in Time for Summer In Concord, Massachusetts, Dan Gladu, a co-owner of Roots & Rocks Landscape Artisans, says that winter is absolutely the best time to get started with a patio installation this summer. “With smaller companies like ours, it helps us to get the design process started in winter,” he says. “There is quite a bit more thought that we can put into it, and there is more time to line up the product so you will have everything ready to go when the time comes.” Gladu says that increasingly, he is recommending permeable pavers, like Pine Hall Brick Company’s StormPave , because the water is absorbed into the ground. No water means no ice, and no ice means no slips and falls. Additionally, permeable pavers, especially those made of clay, aren’t affected by freeze and thaw cycles the way other materials are and therefore last longer. Jake Grevenstuk, owner of Space/Craft Landscapes in Kalamazoo, Michigan, says that starting a project now will indeed pay off later. The idea for homeowners is to spend time, right now, to look online and in places like Pinterest , to figure out what they want; and then to make an appointment for this spring and summer to get the job installed. Research different paver shapes and styles to see what would work well with your home and landscape. Sizing Up “We are in the ideation phase right now,” says Grevenstuk. “I am working with customers to see what they are thinking, and what I am thinking, and we are solidifying our plans. You can look in your yard and you can look online, and get outside on a warm day. You can mark out rough ideas as far as the appropriate sizes of things. It’s a great time right now to be indoors and online.” You will also want to figure out how big you will want your patio. A rule of thumb is to take patio furniture, a grill, etc. into an area in your back yard and then circle the items with a garden hose on the ground to figure out the size and shape of your patio. Construction Insight Whether you do it yourself or hire a contractor, call 811 to check on the location of underground utilities before you dig. To build the patio yourself, you dig down seven inches, compact the soil, put in four inches of crusher run gravel), (also known as ABC, 3/4-Minus, or Road Base), compact the soil a second time, and then put in one inch of sand. The pavers go on top of the sand, and it’s all pulled snug with edge restraints and fastened down with landscape spikes .   Two important points here: You don’t have to do all of this in one day, or even in one weekend. You can get a tarp and cover up the project, then come back to it later. In addition, there are a number of videos online to show you how it’s done. The advantage to a paver patio for DIY'ers is that it is forgiving, as long as you are willing to put in the effort. Dig the hole too shallow and you can dig some more; dig it too deep and you can throw some dirt into it. It’s not like a deck, in which you can cut and cut and cut a board, and it will still be too short.  Paver patterns for patios.... Note that certain choices in pattern, such as basketweave, can significantly reduce the number of cuts to the brick required at the patio edges. If you decide to hire a company to install your patio, ask friends and neighbors for recommendations. The company should have pictures of projects that are similar to yours, along with references from satisfied customers. Mark Tiernan, vice president of sales and marketing for  Fred Adams Paving   in Morrisville, N.C., suggests making certain that the contractor carry liability insurance and worker’s comp. And make sure it’s done right. The base layer, for example, should extend six inches past the edge of the pavers so that the spikes will be firmly in the base and not in the soil. Once installed, the patio should slope one inch for every four feet for proper drainage. Get a range of pricing for the exact same job. If you are looking to put in an 8x10-foot patio, each company should quote you a price based on installing an 8x10-foot patio. And then you should choose the contractor that appears to be the best, not necessarily the one that’s the cheapest. Review their qualifications carefully. “You don’t want to get somebody who is not qualified,” says Brown. “You want the best that you can get.”

(guest post by Victoria Smith for Sod Solutions ) For many homeowners located in the southern two-thirds of the United States, warm season lawns are trying to make it through the intense summer temperatures during the months of June–August. Although the first day of fall isn’t until September 22nd, mid to late-August is the best time to start preparing for winter. However, you can take steps to prepare for the winter anytime during the fall season. First, it is important to know the difference between warm and cool season turfgrasses . Warm season grasses typically go dormant during the winter months whereas cool season turfgrasses go dormant in the summer months. When turfgrasses go dormant, they turn a straw-yellow/brown color. For this reason, it is common for many homeowners to overseed their warm season lawns like zoysia, bermudagrass or St. Augustine with a cool season grass like ryegrass before the onset of winter temperatures. Both cool season and warm season grasses enter dormancy, but this blog will mostly focus on ways to keep a warm season lawn green during the winter. Aside from overseeding, there are actually numerous ways to do this. Read on for a few professional tips and tricks you should start practicing now to have the best lawn during the winter. What is turfgrass dormancy? As previously mentioned, turfgrasses enter a stage of dormancy in which the grass turns a straw-yellow or brown color. During this time, the grass is in a state of hibernation, in which it requires less water and focuses resources on the roots underground that won’t be as affected by temperatures above ground. For warm season grasses, the turfgrass will go dormant during the winter and keep its roots alive so that it can grow back in the spring, whereas the blades above ground may experience freezing temperatures. Cool season grasses in the northern climates of the United States perform the same way, but during the summer when turfgrass experiences hot temperatures. It is important to note that during dormancy, your turfgrass is not dead. It is simply in a state of “sleeping” and any nutrients applied to it with a fertilizer will not be effective. It is better to feed your grass the nutrients it needs for root health before it goes into dormancy for this reason. We will talk more about this further down in this article. Pictured above: EMPIRE® Zoysia , a warm season turfgrass, in dormancy. What are some ways to keep my warm season lawn green during the winter? There are numerous strategies you can perform to keep your lawn green during the winter. Some of the most popular of them include overseeding a warm season turfgrass variety with a cool season variety or applying a turf colorant. Overseeding Where warm season grasses go dormant, cool season grasses flourish and vice versa—making overseeding a great strategy for keeping dormant lawns green. When it comes to overseeding your warm season lawn with a cool season variety, it is important to actually overseed at the right time of year. If you wait too long into the fall season and miss the overseeding window, your grass seed may not germinate in time. Overseeding should be performed when the days are warm enough to grow grass seed and around 30 days before your first frost. This timing will vary depending on where you are located, but generally, the first day of frost in the southern two-thirds of United States occurs around the first few weeks of October. This is why it is important to start preparing for overseeding now. To overseed, you will need to purchase grass seed and apply at the recommended rate on the bag with a broadcast or drop spreader . Covering it with straw, mulch or topsoil may help to protect it from birds. For more information on how to overseed, read How to Properly Plant Grass Seed . Turf Colorant Applying a turf colorant to your dormant lawn will not damage or harm it. Turf colorant can be applied at anytime, but its purpose is to help you maintain winter color during these cold months of the year. This can be done anytime after your warm season turfgrass has entered dormancy. Turf colorants like Endurant should be mixed in a handheld garden sprayer for small and average-sized lawns or a backpack sprayer for larger lawn areas. You will also have a choice between a few different shades to pick from. For more information on using turf colorant as a way to maintain winter color in warm season lawns, click here . Pictured above: The color difference between a winter lawn with and without turf colorant. What is the best grass for overseeding? Generally, perennial and annual ryegrass are the best options for overseeding dormant lawns in the southern two-thirds of the United States. Ryegrass will provide a green cover during the winter when your warm season turfgrass goes dormant. Another benefit to ryegrass is that is adapts well to either sun or shade. There’s a difference between annual and perennial ryegrass though. Annual ryegrass is often cheaper, but perennial ryegrass has more desirable turf characteristics and disease resistance, which is helpful when temperatures change and disease becomes more prevalent in the spring. Annual ryegrass is usually lighter in color when compared to perennial ryegrass, it’s usually coarser in texture and it dies out more quickly than perennial in the spring. However, perennial ryegrass lives longer into the spring and summer compared to annual ryegrass—specifically in shade—which can be a nuisance for some homeowners. You can often find annual and perennial ryegrass seed as a blend as well. See a few of our recommended ryegrass seed options below or browse through our seed varieties we offer online. What kind of fertilizer helps protect my lawn from harsh winter temperatures? As previously mentioned, you will not need to fertilize your warm season, dormant lawn during the winter. Your grass is in dormancy and unable to absorb any nutrients at this time. The fertilizer will just sit in the soil without bringing about any benefits to your lawn and serve as a waste of money. The fertilizer may even run off into your ponds and drains when it rains or when snow melts. It is better to feed your grass the nutrients it needs for root health before it goes into dormancy for this reason as the roots and rhizomes will continue surviving throughout the winter. More specifically, the roots and rhizomes are what will cause your grass to grow as it comes out of dormancy in the spring. Protecting and providing them with the nutrients they need before dormancy is of upmost importance. Sod University recommends two different fertilizer options for the fall. You will only need to use one of the two options for fall fertilization. With bottles of Boost, Maintain and Recover, the Fall Fertilizer Box by Lawnifi ® is a liquid fertilizer program powered by Catalyst Technology to help plants better absorb nutrients with the use of less product. Boost serves to revitalize the green leaf blade color after the heat stress of summer, while Maintain and Recover give your lawn well-balanced nutrition by fortifying root zones and preparing your lawn for winter dormancy. Lawnifi Foundation is a slow-release granular fertilizer option that comes in a 25 pound bag and lasts for three months. With a 29-0-5 NPK formulation, Lawnifi Foundation is the perfect granular fertilizer for lawns and gardens. The two percent iron included in Lawnifi Foundation’s mixture helps plants carry oxygen throughout the leaves, roots and other parts of the plants to promote a green, healthy lawn. Featuring slow-release nitrogen, Foundation gradually feeds your lawn over an extended period of time without overwhelming your lawn with nitrogen during the fall. Both Lawnifi Foundation and the Fall Fertilizer Box cover 5,000 sq. ft. It should be noted that once your grass enters dormancy, it isn’t dead and could still use a very light watering. In fact, a protective coating of water allows for temperatures to freeze the water in place of the grass roots. About a fourth an inch of water per week is usually enough. If you have a warm season turfgrass, it is important to start practicing these tips and tricks now so that you can be prepared for winter dormancy. Waiting too late into the fall to overseed can prove to be unsuccessful for seed growth. A firm understanding of winter dormancy can also help you protect your lawn from freezing temperatures and encourage fast spring green-up. Not to mention, having a green yard when your neighbor’s grass is dormant helps your lawn stand out and look its best—even during the winter months. Want to learn more about achieving a great lawn? Check out more Sod University tips here . Editor's Note: Sod Solutions has helped successfully develop and release to the market over 20 different turfgrass varieties over the past 27 years including PalmettoⓇ and CitraBlueⓇ St. Augustine, EMPIREⓇ and InnovationTM Zoysia and CelebrationⓇ, Latitude 36Ⓡ and NorthBridgeⓇ Bermudagrass. The company is based in the Charleston, SC area.

With officials in Florida calling residential asphalt roof performance into question , many homeowners are left wondering, what now? Metal roofing has long been the second most preferred type of roofing material in the U.S. and Canada, but suddenly its popularity is popping. With devastating climate events ranging from hurricanes in Florida and the Gulf coast, to wildfires in California and the Western states, the range of destruction has some officials and plenty of homeowners losing faith that asphalt roofing can protect homes for the long run. For homeowners who want metal but are unsure where to start, here are commonly-asked questions about residential metal roofs and answers from Metal Roofing Alliance  (MRA), the nonprofit organization that represents the industry’s top experts. Q:  What kind of metal is used for residential roofs? A:   Metal roofing is made from four basic alloys: Steel, aluminum, copper and zinc. The most common type is steel, but in the steel category, there are notable differences. Galvanized steel is one type, made by using a layer of zinc to protect an inner layer of steel from corrosion. Galvalume (aka 55-percent zinc-aluminum alloy coated metal) is similar to galvanized, but instead of using zinc, it offers a protective combination of aluminum and zinc, making it an outstanding option. Aluminum also is a great choice especially for coastal climates, and copper and zinc are stunningly beautiful, often used for high end projects and to highlight architectural details. For each type, there are minimum quality specifications, coatings and gauges suitable for roofing. Find out more by downloading a free copy of MRA’s Residential Buyer’s Guide . Q:  What styles are available? Will it match my home’s architecture? A:   Homeowners may not realize that metal roofs come in more styles, colors and designs than any other roof type. There’s standing seam, but there are also options that mimic slate, shake, tile, or even asphalt. To choose, consider the architectural style of your home, and make sure your roof accentuates rather than detracts from it. For example, for a modern look, a standing seam metal roof may look best. For a Mediterranean look, a metal roof mimicking clay tile is a stylish option to consider. There are also plenty of opportunities to mix and match metal colors or patterns to help highlight unique details of a home and roof. Color is a big consideration. Metal roofs come in a huge array of different shades. A high-quality painted finish will offer benefits such as reflectivity and emissivity, otherwise referred to as "cool paints." These coatings deliver great efficiency, long-term protection, and maintain their beauty with minimal maintenance.  Q:  What are the biggest benefits of a metal roof? A:   One of the biggest benefits is long-lasting protection. Quality metal roofs can last for 50-plus years (two to three times longer than other types). They are also very low maintenance. Unlike heavy clay or stone, metal roofs are exceptionally strong yet light weight, which means there’s no need to shore up your roof’s structure to install them. In hurricane, tornado, and thunderstorm regions, metal roofs are the gold standard for protecting a home. When installed properly, metal roofs are rated to stand up to F2 tornado wind speeds (F-scale stands for the Fujita Scale of Tornado Intensity, with F2 equaling wind speeds of 113-157 mph). They resist leaks and are much less likely to puncture, tear, or crack due to flying debris or massive hailstones.   For hail-prone regions, most metal roofing manufacturers offer Class 4 rated products, which is the highest level and qualifies for the Severe Hail (SH) requirements. In wildfire prone areas, quality metal roofs that are properly installed offer Class A protection against ignition, the highest possible rating. For cold regions, metal roofs naturally shed snow and ice while helping prevent ice damming, and they have the strength to support heavy snow loads. Metal also helps save money by increasing energy efficiency. Metal does not have much thermal mass, which means it won’t store and retain heat from the sun. Heat reflective coatings also help tremendously to prevent heat buildup and reduce air conditioning requirements during the hot weather seasons (see sustainability benefits below). Q: What about drawbacks, like noise? A:   It’s one of the biggest myths out there: Homeowners believe a metal roof might be too loud in heavy rainfall regions. The fact is metal roofs   are not any louder  than any other type, so long as they are properly insulated and installed with quality in mind.  Q:  How sustainable is metal roofing? A:   Beyond lasting longer, metal can be recycled at the end of its very long life rather than being dumped into the landfill (it is estimated that more than 13 million tons of asphalt shingles get dumped in landfills each year). It is one of the only materials in the world that can be recycled again and again, without compromising its qualities. Metal can often be installed right over asphalt roofs that are still in decent shape but need replaced—preventing tear-off costs and landfill waste. Low maintenance requirements means using fewer toxic and chemical treatments. Due to its long-lasting strength and energy-efficient properties, metal roofing also is a perfect platform for residential solar systems. Q:  What about costs? Aren’t metal roofs a lot more expensive?   A:   The initial cost of a quality metal roof is typically higher, but overall, when considering not having to repair or replace your roof as often, the lower cost of ongoing maintenance, reduced energy costs, and the potential for savings on home-insurance premiums, the value proposition of installing a metal roof is much higher. Plus, the peace of mind that knowing your roof is resilient enough to help better protect your home against climate extremes is often more than worth it.  Increasingly, financing options are available that can help homeowners spread their initial costs over time. For detailed information and additional guidance for your metal roofing project, check out the MRA’s free Residential Metal Roofing Buyer’s Guide found at metalroofing.com .

by Courtney Klosterman With the growing population of older adults in the U.S., ensuring that homes are safe and adaptable is essential for long-term independence.   A successful aging-in-place strategy involves modifying your home to enhance accessibility, minimize hazards, and accommodate changes in mobility. It’s also essential to review your insurance coverage to understand the cost of homeowners insurance and prepare for unexpected issues.   Here are key steps to take:   1. Review your home insurance coverage - Renovations for aging in place such as ramps, wider doorways, or bathroom upgrades can impact your insurance coverage . It’s important to review your policy to confirm if these updates are covered, as not all homeowner insurance types account for accessibility changes automatically.   Your liability coverage may also require adjustment, particularly if changes increase visitor traffic. Regular reviews keep your coverage aligned with the updates you’re making to your home. Understanding how much homeowners insurance you need offers clarity for the future.   Actions to take: Check if your policy covers accessibility renovations and modifications. Review liability limits to confirm adequate coverage. Consult with your insurance provider about any additional coverage you may need, such as equipment breakdown or extended dwelling coverage.   2. Create a plan for regular home maintenance - Staying on top of home maintenance helps keep your home safe, functional, and comfortable as you age. Routine upkeep can prevent minor issues, such as clogged gutters or small leaks, from escalating into more complex repairs.   As mobility or energy levels shift, some tasks may become more challenging to manage. Planning ahead lets you focus on simpler maintenance or DIY home upgrades while delegating more demanding tasks to professionals.   Actions to take: Handle easy tasks like changing air filters, light bulbs, or smoke detector batteries. Consider hiring a professional for more intensive jobs like roof inspections, snow removal, or gutter cleaning. Schedule regular inspections for plumbing, HVAC systems, and roofing to catch issues early.   3. Entryways: Improve accessibility - Over time, steps, narrow doorways, and uneven paths can make it harder to move safely, especially for those using mobility aids like wheelchairs or walkers. Adjusting these areas can help reduce barriers and lower the risk of accidents, making daily movement more manageable.   Improving entryway accessibility also supports caregivers, family, and visitors by creating a safer, easier-to-navigate space. Simple upgrades like ramps or handrails can improve ease of movement within the home.   Actions to take: Install ramps or threshold ramps to replace steps at key entry points. Add handrails along stairs and walkways for additional support. Widen doorways to accommodate mobility devices like wheelchairs or walkers. Keep outdoor paths well-lit and free of tripping hazards, such as loose stones or debris. Safe Step Stairs is an attic access system built to the same size standards as a regular set of stairs for easier access than narrow fold-down ladders. 4. Kitchen: Consider modifications for aging in place - As you age, tasks such as reaching into upper cabinets, accessing deep storage, or operating appliances may become more challenging, increasing the risk of accidents. Slippery floors or handling hot surfaces without proper precautions can also lead to injuries.   Making thoughtful modifications improves both safety and accessibility, while continuing to cook and entertain in the kitchen. Reducing physical strain through ergonomic updates creates a functional environment for cooking, dining, and staying engaged in daily routines.   Actions to take: Lower countertops for easier access when sitting or using mobility aids. Add pull-out shelves and easy-grip cabinet handles for improved storage access. Install anti-scald devices on faucets and stovetops to help prevent burns. Use slip-resistant flooring to minimize the chance of falls.   5. Bedroom: Create a safe and comfortable space - Mobility changes can make moving around the bedroom more challenging, increasing the likelihood of falls or accidents. Assessing and adapting the space to meet accessibility needs helps you reduce risks, especially during nighttime movement or when getting in and out of bed.   Adjusting the bedroom also promotes safety and easier caregiving. A functional layout with fewer hazards ensures the space is practical without sacrificing comfort or convenience.   Actions to take: Lower the bed height for easier access when getting in and out. Install grab bars near the bed to provide stability and support. Clear pathways of furniture, rugs, and clutter to prevent trips and falls. Use night lights to improve visibility and reduce the chance of nighttime accidents.   6. Bathroom: Minimize safety hazards - Bathrooms can become more difficult to navigate with age due to slippery surfaces, tight layouts, and the need for stability during routines like bathing or toileting. Wet floors and limited space present common hazards, increasing the likelihood of falls or other accidents.   Adjustments to improve bathroom mobility can support safer movement and reduce risks. Thoughtful improvements tailored to individual needs can help create a more accessible environment for daily activities.   Actions to take: Install grab bars by the toilet and in the shower or tub for support. Place non-slip mats or adhesive strips on wet floors to prevent slips. Replace bathtubs with walk-in showers for easier access. Improve bathroom lighting to enhance visibility, especially at night.   Slim in its design, the Architec shower tray from Duravit offers a 2.5” curb height for an easy step-in alternative for showering, rather than traditional bathtub/shower applications. Additionally, the design’s Class C slip-rating anti-slip qualities help prevent tripping accidents. Wheelchair-friendly and ADA-compliant, the D-Neo Wall Mounted Sink combines functionality and sleek aesthetics. The wall-mounted washbasin offers a timeless form that boasts age-sustainable and durable functionality and an accessible height for aging in place. 7. Update flooring for mobility and safety  - Hard, slippery surfaces like tile or polished wood can increase fall risks as mobility decreases. As you age, these falls can result in serious injuries, so flooring with better traction is important.   Selecting non-slip materials and creating smooth transitions between rooms can improve movement throughout the home, especially when using walkers or wheelchairs. Thoughtful flooring choices enhance safety and help you stay comfortable in your space.   Actions to take: Replace slippery flooring with non-slip materials like vinyl, rubber, or low-pile carpet. Secure rugs with non-slip pads to prevent movement and tripping. Create smooth, level transitions between rooms to accommodate mobility aids. Use cushioned surfaces to reduce joint strain and soften impacts from falls.   8. Make stairs safer with modifications  - Stairs can become more dangerous as mobility or vision declines, increasing the risk of serious injuries. Prioritizing stair safety helps reduce these risks and supports continued independence for homeowners.   These improvements also support caregivers and family members by ensuring that the home remains accessible and easier to manage without creating barriers to movement.    Actions to take: Install handrails on both sides of the staircase for extra support. Add non-slip treads or adhesive strips to steps to prevent slipping. Improve lighting on stairs and landings to enhance visibility. Consider installing a stairlift or home elevator for easier movement between floors.   9. Improve lighting for enhanced visibility - As you age, vision changes can make it harder to see clearly, increasing your risk of accidents. Dark areas like hallways, staircases, and bathrooms can increase the likelihood of falls, so adequate lighting is key to reducing hazards both day and night.   Exterior lighting plays an important role by illuminating pathways, entrances, and driveways, making it easier for you to move around safely. It can also enhance security, helping deter unwanted visitors while providing visibility for guests or caregivers arriving after dark.   Actions to take: Install bright lighting in hallways, staircases, and common areas. Add motion-sensor lighting to dark corners, pathways, or outdoor spaces. Place night lights in bedrooms, bathrooms, and hallways to assist with nighttime movement. Use exterior lighting around entrances and walkways to improve visibility and security.   10. Declutter high-traffic areas to minimize hazards  - Clutter can create serious tripping hazards, especially if you experience mobility challenges or vision changes. Clearing high-traffic areas like hallways, doorways, and living spaces reduces fall risks and makes it easier to move around safely. Staying organized opens up more space, allowing you easier mobility aid access when needed.   Outdoor areas need the same attention. Driveways, porches, and walkways can become blocked by debris, snow, or wet leaves, making it harder to enter and exit your home. Keeping these spaces clear can allow for safe movement between your indoor and outdoor areas.   Actions to take: Rearrange furniture to create open paths for easy movement. Secure loose rugs with non-slip backing to prevent trips. Organize cords and wires along walls to keep them out of walkways. Clear outdoor walkways and entry points of debris, snow, or wet leaves. Store tools and outdoor equipment neatly to avoid obstacles.   11. Prepare your home for emergencies  - Being prepared for emergencies is an important part of aging in place. By planning ahead, you know you’re ready for unexpected situations, whether it’s a power outage, natural disaster, or medical emergency.   If you have unique needs, including mobility assistance or access to essential medications, advance planning is important for your safety and peace of mind. Additionally, incorporating  fire safety precautions can further promote a safe environment.   Actions to take: Assemble an emergency kit with water, non-perishable food, medications, flashlights, and batteries. Develop a communication plan with emergency contacts, including neighbors and caregivers. Install medical alert systems that connect directly to emergency responders. Create evacuation routes that accommodate mobility devices or assistive aids. Store essential documents, such as insurance policies and medical records, in a waterproof, fireproof container.   12. Incorporate smart home tech for added safety  - Smart home technology can help reduce safety risks while promoting your independence. Devices like fall detection sensors, automated lighting, and emergency alerts can make it easier to feel secure and comfortable in your home.   These tools help caregivers and family members monitor without disrupting your routine. Incorporating smart solutions lets you stay connected and maintain control of your environment.   Actions to take: Install fall detection sensors or medical alert systems connected to emergency services. Use smart lighting, thermostats, and locks with voice commands for easier control. Set up security cameras and motion sensors for real-time monitoring and alerts. Enable remote access to devices so caregivers can assist as needed. About the author Courtney Klosterman is home insights expert at Hippo   home insurance.

Dispelling Falsehoods About Metal Roofing Metal is the second most preferred type of roofing material and is quickly gaining in popularity, according to a recent study of U.S. homeowners conducted by the Metal Roofing Alliance (MRA). That’s no surprise, given its long-lasting performance and exceptional low maintenance benefits. However, there are still misconceptions and mistaken beliefs about metal roofs that need to be overcome, including these common myths: My th #1: Style and color options are limited. Truth: A lot of people are familiar with standing seam metal roofs, but may not realize there are a nearly endless number of other options and color choices, designed to fit with the architectural style of just about any home. Metal roofs that mimic the look of shakes, slate, clay tile and even asphalt, yet offer exceptional durability and performance, are examples of the many beautiful styles available. Myt h #2: It ’s not as energy efficient. It may make my home too hot in the summer. Truth: Metal roofs have proven energy efficiency performance and are ENERGY STAR qualified as “Cool Roofs.” Even basic, unpainted metal roofs will reflect more solar radiation than asphalt, which typically absorbs and holds heat. Special metal roof coatings deliver high total solar reflectance and infrared emittance, keeping homes cool and saving energy by re-emitting most of what solar radiation is absorbed. Myth #3: I t won’t perform as well in extreme conditions. Truth: Metal roofs are the most durable choice for withstanding extreme storms and hail, heavy snow and ice loads, and severe, hurricane-force high winds. Metal roofs also carry the highest Class A rating against ignition, maximizing protection in wildfire prone areas. Myth #4: It’s not as sustainable as other materials Truth: Metal roofs are one of the most sustainable choices available today because they can last 50-plus years (nearly two to three times longer than other materials), be recycled at the end of their long life rather than dumped into the landfill, and are energy efficient. Quality metal roof coatings also have lower maintenance requirements and reduce the need for strong chemical treatments for moss and fungus that can be harmful to the environment.  Myth #5 : It will be noisy Truth: When installed correctly, a metal roof is as quiet as an asphalt roof. A combination of attic space, insulation and proper installation methods are important to reduce noise transmission for any roof, no matter what the material type, and makes the biggest difference when it comes to sound. Make sure your installer uses a good quality underlayment and adds/tightens fasteners securely to help manage noise. Truths about metal roofing reveal a wide variety of style, performance, and sustainability benefits. Image courtesy of MRA member EDCO. Myth #6 : It’s a lot more expensive than other materials Truth: When it comes to the best investment for your improvement dollar, metal roofs deliver a great return because they last three times as long as other roofs, prevent damage, reduce ongoing maintenance effort and costs, and save energy year in and year out. Myth #7: It will be too shiny Truth: Metal roofs wit h high-tech coatings are designed to protect against nonvisible  sun rays, the kind that produce the most heat and are damaging to building materials. Homeowners do not need to worry about their rooftops giving off a shiny glare, even in bright sunlight. The invisible rays which metal roofs reflect give them the ability to emit as much as 85 percent of solar heat gain to help keep homes cooler. Myth #8: It will be too heavy for my roof Truth: It’s understandable that some people may think of metal as heavy, but the truth is that metal roofing is much lighter per square foot as compared to other materials. As a super strong and impervious material, metal roofing punches well above its weight class when it comes to outstanding performance, yet it is so lightweight it can often be installed right over the top of an old asphalt roof to deliver great, long-term protection … with no additional roof reinforcements needed. Myth #9: I t’ll make my home more likely to be struck by lightning Truth: While it’s true that metal conducts electricity, homes with metal roofs are no more likely to be struck by lightning than other homes or buildings. Attracting lightning has more to do with a home or building’s height and size rather than the materials used. The bottom line is that metal   roofs do not attract lightning  and are not struck any more frequently than other roofing materials. Fire is actually the biggest threat from lightning strikes, and because metal roofing is non-combustible and carries the highest Class A rating against ignition, it is actually one of the safest and most protective materials you can use. Myth #10: It will make it difficult to install a rooftop solar system Truth: Metal roofing is perfect for residential rooftop solar systems, thanks to its strength and durability. Because metal roofs last up to twice as long as solar panels, homeowners are much less likely to have to suffer through the extremely costly process of needing to remove and reinstall their system in order to replace or repair their roof. It’s also very easy to install rooftop solar panels on metal roofs with special brackets and attachment mounts designed to protect the roof’s integrity and prevent the possibility of leaks and damage. For more facts about how metal roofs compare to other roofing choices on the market, visit the Metal Roofing Alliance (MRA) website at www.metalroofing.com .

by Stephen Smith Spec homes, short for speculative homes, are residential properties built by developers with the intention of selling them to buyers, often before construction is complete. Unlike custom homes, where buyers are involved in design decisions, spec homes are designed with general buyer appeal in mind, featuring popular layouts and finishes. Traditionally, these homes prioritized design and cost-efficiency over cutting-edge innovation. However, evolving buyer expectations and a growing demand for high-tech living spaces have shifted this paradigm. Today, spec homes increasingly integrate advanced technologies and automation, offering the convenience, luxury, and sustainability that modern buyers seek. This evolution not only elevates property values but also signals a shift in how architects and builders approach design and functionality in residential construction. With the Bowen Chandelier , choose from three color temperatures to set the perfect mood for any occasion. Integrated LED technology means you'll never have to buy bulbs, ensuring long-lasting and hassle-free illumination. The Appeal and Integration of High-Tech Features As we have begun to see in projects across the U.S., architects and builders are increasingly incorporating advanced automation systems to make spec homes more appealing to modern buyers. Smart home features such as tunable lighting, integrated security systems, and automated climate control can now be managed through simple interfaces like apps, touchscreens, or voice commands. Automation has also been streamlined with customizable “scenes,” which allow homeowners to adjust multiple settings at once. For instance, a single "holiday" scene could dim lights, play festive music, and create a cozy ambiance—all at the push of a button.    Lighting innovations such as circadian rhythm systems are becoming essential, especially for buyers working from home. These systems adjust the color temperature of light throughout the day to energize in the morning, enhance focus in the afternoon, and promote relaxation in the evening. These thoughtful integrations make homes not only functional but also conducive to well-being. Aesthetics is also a priority. Invisible or small-aperture speakers deliver high-quality sound while blending seamlessly into the home’s design. By prioritizing discreet hardware, builders can ensure that technology enhances the home without overpowering its style. Bose Virtually Invisible 791 Series II in-ceiling speakers are engineered with one 7" woofer and two strategically positioned 1" tweeters each, eliminating the need to aim the speakers into the room. Futureproofing and Enhancing Value Futureproofing is not traditionally a consideration for spec homes. However, today it has become a critical consideration as technology continues to evolve. Architects are now working with home experience designers to create spec homes with scalability in mind by pre-wiring for potential upgrades and using systems like “Video or Audio over IP.” This ensures homeowners can easily add new devices without significant renovations. Whether it’s installing a turntable in a listening room or mounting a TV in an exercise space, these flexible solutions adapt to changing buyer needs. Designing for longevity also involves balancing cutting-edge technology with timeless aesthetics. Builders are not just creating homes for today’s buyers—they are anticipating how these homes will function decades into the future. This forward-thinking approach helps maintain property value and buyer appeal over time. Health and wellness technologies are another growing trend. Features such as air quality monitoring systems and advanced water filtration address the increasing demand for homes that prioritize well-being. Meanwhile, sustainable elements like smart thermostats, energy-efficient appliances, and renewable energy solutions further enhance both environmental impact and cost savings. These investments align with the values of eco-conscious buyers and offer significant returns, with studies showing smart home features can increase property values by 3 to 5 percent. Challenges and the Path Forward While the benefits of high-tech spec homes are clear, builders face challenges in staying ahead of rapid technological advancements, The risk of obsolescence requires builders to remain informed about emerging trends and technologies to ensure their designs remain relevant. Balancing these innovations with timeless design principles is equally important to appeal to a broad buyer base.   Strategic choices like integrating concealed wiring and discrete hardware help bridge this gap, creating spaces that feel both contemporary and enduring. For builders, partnerships with home experience designers can also play a key role in designing scalable, reliable systems that meet the evolving needs of homeowners while maintaining compatibility across devices. The rise of million-dollar tech in spec homes marks a pivotal time in the real estate industry. By integrating advanced technologies with timeless design and focusing on adaptability and sustainability, builders can create homes that meet the needs of today’s buyers while anticipating future demands.   As these innovations become more accessible and widespread, spec homes will continue to redefine modern living, offering a perfect blend of luxury, functionality, and forward-thinking design.   -- About the Author: Stephen Smith is the Solutions Engineering Manager for Bravas, the foremost Home Experience Designer in the United States, partnering with homeowners, architects, builders, and interior designers to create intuitive residential experiences that help clients live in harmony with their homes. For more information, please visit www.bravas.com .

Looking forward to 2025, many homeowners will plan renovations to refresh their spaces and boost their property value. If updating your home is on your New Year's resolutions list, new research has revealed the most profitable home renovations in the USA, with garage door replacement ranking number one. Experts in bathroom and kitchen remodels at Oakridge Remodels analyzed the average cost and resale value of over 20 popular home renovations, including entry door replacement and minor kitchen remodeling. They calculated the average return on investment for each project to reveal which ones are the most profitable. A return on investment under 100 percent suggests a project is not profitable. “It is interesting to see which home renovation projects are the most profitable, both on a state and national level," says Arthur Taylor, founder of Oakridge Remodels. “In the US as a whole, there are only three projects that are profitable: garage door replacement, entry door replacement and stone veneer addition. However, the profitability of different renovations varies widely depending on the state, local housing market and buyer preferences. “Renovations can be great for aesthetics, however, if your goal is to increase property value to sell or rent, it is best to stick to projects with a return on investment over 100 percent. This ensures you are not only improving your home but also maximizing the financial benefits. “Hopefully, this research will help to inform homeowners looking to increase their property value on which projects are worth their time and money.”   Rank Project Average cost ($) Average resale value ($) Return on Investment (%) 1 Garage door replacement 4,513 8,751 193.9 2 Entry door replacement (steel) 2,355 4,430 188.1 3 Stone veneer addition 11,287 17,291 153.2 4 Grand entrance addition (fiberglass) 11,353 11,054 97.4 5 Minor kitchen remodel - midrange 27,492 26,406 96.1 6 Siding replacement (fiber-cement) 20,619 18,230 88.4 7 Decking addition (wood) 17,615 14,596 82.9 8 Siding replacement (vinyl) 17,410 13,957 80.2 9 Bath remodel - midrange 25,251 18,613 73.7 10 Decking addition (composite) 24,206 16,498 68.2 11 Window replacement (vinyl) 21,264 14,270 67.1 12 HVAC electrification 18,800 12,422 66.1 13 Window replacement (wood) 25,799 16,222 62.9 14 Roofing replacement (asphalt shingles) 30,680 17,461 56.9 15 Major kitchen remodel - midrange 79,982 39,587 49.5 16 Bath remodel - universal design 40,750 20,148 49.4 17 Roofing replacement (metal) 49,928 24,034 48.1 18 Bath remodel - upscale 78,840 35,591 45.1 19 Major kitchen remodel - upscale 158,530 60,176 38.0 20 Primary suite addition - midrange 164,649 58,484 35.5 21 Bathroom addition - midrange 58,586 20,334 34.7 22 Bathroom addition - upscale 107,477 34,997 32.6 23 Primary suite addition - upscale 339,513 81,042 23.9   Source:  These insights are based on analysis by Oakridge Remodels of city data – 2024, provided by the Journal of Light Construction . For more on   Oakridge Remodels, visit   www.oakridgeremodels.com .

Is now the time to replace the roof on your home? Prior to connecting with potential installers or contractors, take time to brush up on some basic re-roofing terminology. There’s more than meets the eye when it comes to a quality re-roofing project, so understanding the terms your installer may use is to your advantage. Starting from the bottom, here’s a quick crash course covering the basics of a new roof and why they are important, layer by layer: Framing Definition: It all starts here. In the U.S., the two primary roof-framing methods are stick-framed and truss. Each has pros and cons, but in general, stick-framed roofs utilize a series of individual rafters that span from the ridge to the top of the exterior wall. Truss-framed roofs are prefabricated units that are triangular-shaped and form a webbed pattern. Why it matters: Whatever type of framing you have-truss or rafters-the most important factor is to ensure it can support the weight of the roofing material you choose. For example, because roofing material such as clay and slate are exceptionally heavy, your installer might need to add structural support and reinforcements if the framing of the existing roof isn’t adequate to support the additional weight. Roof deck Definition: Attached to framing is the roof deck, typically made up of sheets of plywood or OSB (oriented strand board). It is connected to the framing and provides a solid base for the rest of the roofing material. Minimum thickness is usually 7/16" but may vary based on the span, load and local codes. Spacing between boards should not exceed 1/8”. Why it matters : Proper decking ensures your roof will perform reliably in extreme conditions including high winds and heavy snow and ice. Codes vary depending on regions, so be sure to double check specific requirements in your area. For complex roof designs or high load situations, consult with a structural engineer. Insulation Definition: From fiberglass batt and loose fill to structural insulated panels and much more, there are a lot of roofing insulation options. No matter what the type, adding insulation in the attic or underneath the roof deck helps keep heat loss and gain to a minimum. Be sure to follow codes and guidelines in your area for the most effective amount of insulation you’ll need. Good rooftop ventilation also is key to help control moisture effectively. Why it matters: Proper insulation makes a major difference on the amount you’ll save on energy costs to heat and cool your home. It will help your house stay comfortable no matter what the season. photo by Vecteezy Water barrier membrane Definition: A water membrane (also referred to as an ice and water shield) is a highly waterproof material usually installed in vulnerable areas like valleys, around roof penetrations, and along low-slope sections of the roof to prevent water from seeping under the roofing in areas with the potential to get ice dams.  Applied to the roof deck typically with an adhesive, this layer acts as the primary waterproof layer for the roof.  Why it matters: For a long-lasting, reliable and top performing roof, protecting it against water infiltration to help keep the wood framing and roof deck from damage is essential. Underlayment Definition: Underlayment is a wider layer installed across the entire roof deck beneath the roofing material, providing an extra barrier against water intrusion and helping to protect the roof deck from moisture damage. Certain underlayments also offer wildfire protection, resisting ignition from wayward sparks. Why it matters: Underlayment and waterproof membranes offer dual protection against water intrusion and the danger of roof structure damage caused by rot, mold or other issues. For safety in wildfire prone areas, ignition resistant underlayment is a must. Underlayment can also help reduce blow off in high winds. Do you need both an underlayment and water barrier?  When installing a roof, you typically use both a water membrane and an underlayment, as they both serve important roles in protecting the roof deck from water infiltration, with the membrane providing extra waterproofing in critical areas and the underlayment acting as a secondary barrier beneath the roofing; both are considered necessary components of a complete roofing system. Roofing material Definition: The main, visible exterior layer on the roof, made from metal, asphalt, clay, slate, wood, rubber, etc. This is the layer that bears the brunt of the elements: rain, high winds, snow, ice, intense sun, hail and more. Metal is a lightweight, energy-efficient yet exceptionally strong roofing material designed to last for decades even in the toughest conditions, without requiring additional structural preparations. Additionally, thanks to its lighter weight, metal is one of the only roofing materials that can be installed and layered right over asphalt, provided that the old asphalt roof is still structurally sound. The benefits of doing so not only include preventing waste but realizing savings that comes from reduced labor and tear-off costs while increasing long-term energy efficiency. Talk to your installer about your potential options.   Why it matters: From the performance to the curb appeal of your home, the roofing material you choose makes a huge difference on how long your investment in a new roof will hold up and perform over time. Maintenance also is a major factor: choosing low maintenance materials like metal means you’ll save money and hassle year after year. Flashing, Drip Edge, Ridge or Hip Caps, Pipe Jacks Definition: Finally, special pieces, components and accessories are used around or to cover specific areas of a roof where a gap, an unfinished edge or the need to direct water may be located.  These are used in sections such as around plumbing pipes, chimneys, vents and roof ridgeline changes. Why it matters: Roof gaps or seams can cause premature roof failure if not well protected and properly covered. These pieces help cover vulnerable areas, ensuring water properly flows and does not travel into the roof layers underneath. For complete details and more information about resilient, long-lasting residential metal roofing, check out the free MRA Residential Buyer’s Guide . image copyright Skyline Roofing Partners   About the MRA Representing the residential metal roofing industry in the United States and Canada, the Metal Roofing Alliance (MRA) was formed to help educate consumers about the many benefits of metal roofing. For more information about MRA membership, residential metal roofing resources and tools, visit MRA at www.metalroofing.com .

Hot Tips for Cold Weather! Protect Your Plumbing Burst pipes, ice dams, and poor insulation can lead to costly repairs in harsh winter weather. Burst pipes are the most common culprit of home water leaks in the winter, because as the water in the pipe freezes, it expands and ruptures the pipe. Simple steps to protect your home winter: Install pipe insulation made of foam or fiberglass on all pipes, particularly those in unheated spaces, such as attics and crawlspaces. Shut off the water to outside faucets. Add extra protection with an insulated spigot cover. Disconnect any exterior lines like garden hoses. Shut off water to appliances if going out of town. Install water sensors that alert the homeowners quickly in the event of a leak.  Maintain an average home temperature of 68 degrees.   Water Heater Inspection:  The temperature of the cold water drops about 25 degrees during the winter, so water heaters have to work harder to heat up. Check the water heater for any unusual noises, faulty pipes or leaks, or schedule maintenance to drain the sediment in the tank. Check Outside the House Maintain Your Gutters and Roofs:  Clean out your gutters and roof eaves, and if it snows, use a snow-removal rake to get the snow off your roof as soon as possible. These efforts prevent ice dams, which form from melting snow and water that run down the roof and freeze along the roof line and into the gutter. The dams in turn cause water to back up and pool beneath roof shingles, allowing water to leak into the home. Inspect Your House Foundation:  You should remove accumulated snow around the foundation of your house. When it begins to melt, it can seep deep down into the soil and infiltrate basement walls. Seal any cracks in your basement walls as soon as you find them. Rake the Leaves and Trim the Trees: Remove any dead leaves, because if they are left accumulated during winter they will likely kill the grass and fester disease in the lawn. Also, don't forget to cut away dead or dying tree limbs wherever possible. Dead tree limbs are known as "widow-makers" for a reason. They can fall off the tree at any time, but are especially dangerous during windstorms or when weighted down by a heavy snow load. Power Equipment Safety Tips The   Outdoor Power Equipment Institute (OPEI)  reminds home and business owners to use generators and snow throwers (often referred to as snow blowers) safely and offers tips to help. Review the owner’s manual: Check the owner’s manual for safe handling procedures. If the manual cannot be found, look it up online, and store a copy on your computer so it’s available to reference in the future. Review how to operate controls. Be able to shut off equipment quickly. Purchase the right fuel:  For most gasoline-powered outdoor equipment, only use fuel that is rated E10 or less. Often fuel stations are closed after a storm so buy gasoline in advance of storms. It’s best to use fresh fuel, but if you are using fuel that has been sitting in a gas can for more than 30 days, add fuel stabilizer to it. Store gas only in an approved container and away from heat sources. For more information on fueling properly see www.opei.org/programs/ethanolwarning . Store and use fuel properly: Place gasoline in a proper fuel container and label it with the date purchased and the ethanol content. Store fuel safely and out of the reach of children and away from heat sources. Never add fuel to a running or hot engine. Tips for Generators Ensure portable generators have plenty of ventilation:  Keep it outside. Generators should NEVER be used in an enclosed area or placed inside a home, a building, or a garage, even if the windows or doors are open. Place the generator outside and away from windows, doors, air intakes, or vents that could allow carbon monoxide to drift indoors. Install a battery-operated carbon monoxide detector in your home:  This alarm will sound if dangerous levels of carbon monoxide enter the building.  Keep the generator dry: Do not use a generator in wet conditions. Cover and vent a generator. Model-specific tents or generator covers can be found online for purchase and at home centers and hardware stores. Charge & use battery-powered generators/inverters properly: Recharge only with the charger specified by the manufacturer. A charger that is suitable for one type of battery pack may not be compatible with another battery pack. Follow all charging instructions and do not charge the battery pack or equipment outside the temperature range specified in the instructions. Charging improperly or at temperatures outside the specified range may damage the battery. Plug in safely: If you don’t yet have a transfer switch, you can use the outlets on the generator. It’s best to plug in appliances directly to the generator. If you must use an extension cord, it should be heavy-duty and designed for outdoor use. It should be rated (in watts or amps) at least equal to the sum of the connected appliance loads. Make sure the cord is free of cuts, and the plug has all three prongs. Install a transfer switch:  A transfer switch connects the generator to the circuit panel and lets you power hardwired appliances. Most transfer switches also help avoid overload by displaying wattage usage levels. Do not use the generator to “backfeed” power into your home electrical system: Trying to power your home’s electrical wiring by “backfeeding” – where you plug the generator into a wall outlet – is dangerous. You could hurt utility workers and neighbors served by the same transformer. Backfeeding bypasses built-in circuit protection devices, so you could damage your electronics or start an electrical fire. Tips for Snow Throwers Check equipment: The snow thrower should be powered off when being checked over. Adjust any cables and check the auger. Charge batteries:  Locate the batteries for your snow thrower and charge them fully before it snows. Clear the area:  Snow can sometimes hide objects. Doormats, hoses, balls, toys, boards, wires, and other debris should be removed from areas you intend to clear. When run over by a snow thrower, these objects may harm the machine or people.  Dress for winter weather: Wear safety glasses, gloves and footwear that can handle cold and slippery surfaces when operating the snow thrower.  KEY SAFETY TIP: Never put your hands inside the auger or chute. Use a clean-out tool to unclog snow or debris from the snow thrower. Your hands should never go inside the auger or chute. Turn OFF the snow thrower if you need to clear a clog! If you need to remove debris or unclog snow, always turn off the snow thrower. Wait for all moving parts to come to a complete stop before clearing any clogs or debris. Operate in visible conditions:  Never operate the snow thrower without good visibility or light.  Aim with care:  Never throw snow toward people or cars. Keep children or pets inside and away from your snow thrower when it is operating.  Use extreme caution on slopes and hills:  Use caution when changing directions on slopes. Do not attempt to clear steep slopes.  Know where the cord is:  If using an electric powered snow thrower, be aware of where the power cord is at all times. Avoid tripping. But wait! There's more... Check out these handy winter prep articles for homeowners! 4 Tips to Keep Your Furnace Running Efficiently This Winter Keep Your Lawn Green During Winter Make Your “Full House” Energy Efficient this Winter